Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi malunga ne-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)?

I-NAD+ ikwabizwa ngokuba yicoenzyme, kwaye igama layo elipheleleyo yi-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Yicoenzyme ebalulekileyo kumjikelo we-tricarboxylic acid. Ikhuthaza imetabolism yeswekile, amafutha, kunye ne-amino acids, ithatha inxaxheba kwi-synthesis yamandla, kwaye ithatha inxaxheba kumawaka eempendulo kwiseli nganye. Isixa esikhulu sedatha yovavanyo lubonisa ukuba i-NAD+ ibandakanyeka ngokubanzi kwimisebenzi eyahlukeneyo esisiseko ye-physiological emzimbeni, ngaloo ndlela ingenelela kwimisebenzi ephambili yeselula efana ne-metabolism yamandla, ukulungiswa kwe-DNA, ukuguqulwa kofuzo, ukudumba, isingqisho sebhayoloji, kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo.

Ngokophando olufanelekileyo, inqanaba le-NAD + emzimbeni womntu liya kuncipha ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ukuncipha kwamanqanaba e-NAD + kunokukhokelela ekwehleni kwemithambo-luvo, ukulahleka kombono, ukutyeba kakhulu, ukwehla kokusebenza kwentliziyo kunye nokunye ukwehla kokusebenza. Ke ngoko, indlela yokunyusa inqanaba leNAD + emzimbeni womntu ibisoloko ingumbuzo. Isihloko sophando olushushu kuluntu lwe-biomedical.

Kutheni i-NAD + iyancipha?

Ngenxa yokuba, njengoko sikhula, umonakalo weDNA uyanda. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungisa i-DNA, imfuno ye-PARP1 iyanda, umsebenzi we-SIRT ulinganiselwe, ukusetyenziswa kwe-NAD + kunyuswa, kwaye inani le-NAD + liyancipha ngokwendalo.

Ukuba songeza ngokwaneleyoNAD+, siya kufumanisa ukuba imisebenzi emininzi yomzimba iqalisa ukubuyisela ubutsha.

Iiseli ziqulathe i-NAD+. Ngaba sisafuna ukuyongezelela?

Umzimba wethu uyilwe ziiseli ezimalunga ne-37 yetriliyoni. Iiseli kufuneka zigqibe "umsebenzi" omninzi okanye iintshukumo zeseli ukuze zizigcine ngokwazo. Iseli yakho nganye ye-37 yetriliyoni ixhomekeke kwi-NAD+ ukwenza umsebenzi wayo oqhubekayo.

Njengoko abantu behlabathi bekhula, izifo ezinxulumene nokwaluphala ezifana nesifo se-Alzheimer, isifo senhliziyo, iingxaki zamalungu, ukulala kunye neengxaki zentliziyo ziye zaba zizifo ezibalulekileyo ezisongela impilo yabantu.

Ke, ekubeni i-NAD yafunyanwa zizazinzulu zaseMelika, i-NAD ingene kubomi babantu, kwaye i-NAD + kunye nezongezelelo zayo zibonise amathuba amahle okusebenza ekuthinteleni izifo ezinxulumene nokwaluphala.

① I-NAD + isebenza njenge-coenzyme kwi-mitochondria ukukhuthaza ibhalansi ye-metabolic. I-NAD + idlala indima esebenzayo kwiinkqubo ze-metabolic ezifana ne-glycolysis, umjikelo we-TCA (umjikelo we-Krebs okanye umjikelo we-citric acid) kunye nekhonkco lothutho lwe-electron. Yindlela iiseli eziwafumana ngayo amandla. Ukwaluphala kunye nokutya okunekhalori ephezulu kunciphisa amanqanaba e-NAD + emzimbeni.

Uphononongo lubonise ukuba kwiimpuku ezindala, ukuthatha izongezo ze-NAD + kuncitshiswe ukutya- okanye ukuzuza ubunzima obunxulumene nobudala kunye nokuphuculwa komthamo wokuzilolonga. Ukongeza, izifundo zide zajika iziphumo zesifo seswekile kwiimpuku zabasetyhini, zibonisa iindlela ezintsha zokulwa nezifo ze-metabolic ezifana nokutyeba.

I-NAD+ ibophelela kwii-enzymes kwaye idlulisa ii-electron phakathi kwee-athomu. Ii-electron zisisiseko samandla eselula. I-NAD+ isebenza kwiiseli njengokutshaja ibhetri. Xa ii-electron zisetyenzisiwe, ibhetri iyafa. Kwiiseli, i-NAD + inokukhuthaza ukuhanjiswa kwe-electron kwaye inike amandla kwiiseli. Ngale ndlela, i-NAD + inokunciphisa okanye yandise umsebenzi we-enzyme, ikhuthaza ukubonakaliswa kofuzo kunye nokubonakaliswa kweeseli.

② I-NAD + inceda ukulawula umonakalo weDNA

Njengobudala bezinto eziphilayo, izinto ezimbi zokusingqongileyo ezifana nemitha, ungcoliseko, kunye nokuphindaphindwa kwe-DNA engachanekanga kunokonakalisa iDNA. Le yenye yeethiyori zokuguga. Phantse zonke iiseli ziqulethe "uomatshini beemolekyuli" zokulungisa lo monakalo.

Olu lungiso lufuna i-NAD + kunye namandla, ngoko ke umonakalo ogqithisileyo weDNA usebenzisa izixhobo ezixabisekileyo zeselula. Umsebenzi we-PARP, iprotheni ebalulekileyo yokulungisa i-DNA, nayo ixhomekeke kwi-NAD +. Ukuguga okuqhelekileyo kubangela ukuba umonakalo we-DNA uqokelele emzimbeni, i-RARP iyanda, kwaye ke ukugxila kwe-NAD + kuncipha. Umonakalo weDNA yeMitochondrial nakweliphi na inyathelo liya kwandisa oku kuncipha.

③ NAD+ichaphazela umsebenzi wobomi obude be-gene Sirtuins kwaye inqanda ukuguga

Iigenes ezisandula ukufunyanwa ze-sirtuins, ezaziwa ngokuba "ngabagadi bemfuza," zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni impilo yeeseli. I-Sirtuins yintsapho yee-enzymes ezibandakanyekayo kwimpendulo yoxinzelelo lweselula kunye nokulungiswa komonakalo. Bakwabandakanyeka ekukhuselweni kwe-insulin, inkqubo yokuguga, kunye neemeko zempilo ezinxulumene nokuguga njengezifo ze-neurodeergenerative kunye nesifo seswekile.

I-NAD+ ngamafutha anceda ii-sirtuins ukugcina ingqibelelo ye-genome kunye nokukhuthaza ukulungiswa kwe-DNA. Kanye njengemoto ayinakuphila ngaphandle kwamafutha, iiSirtuins zifuna i-NAD + ukuze isebenze. Iziphumo ezivela kuphononongo lwezilwanyana zibonisa ukuba ukonyuka kwamanqanaba e-NAD + emzimbeni kuvula iiproteni ze-sirtuin kwaye kwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwigwele kunye neempuku.

④ Umsebenzi wentliziyo

Ukunyusa amanqanaba e-NAD + kukhusela intliziyo kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokubangela ukuba intliziyo ibe nkulu kunye nemithambo evalekileyo, nto leyo enokukhokelela kwistroke. Emva kokugcwalisa inqanaba le-NAD+ entliziyweni ngokusebenzisa izongezo ze-NAD+, umonakalo wentliziyo obangelwe kukuphinda uphindwe uthintelwe. Olunye uphononongo lubonise ukuba izongezo ze-NAD+ zikwakhusela iimpuku ekwandiseni intliziyo engaqhelekanga.

⑤ I-Neurodegeneration

Kwiimpuku ezinesifo sika-Alzheimer, ukonyuka kwamanqanaba e-NAD+ kuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo ngokunciphisa ukwakhiwa kweeprotheyini eziphazamisa unxibelelwano lobuchopho. Ukunyusa amanqanaba e-NAD+ kukwakhusela iiseli zobuchopho ekufeni xa kungekho gazi laneleyo eliya ebuchotsheni. I-NAD + ibonakala inesithembiso esitsha ekukhuseleni ngokuchasene ne-neurodegeneration kunye nokuphucula imemori.

⑥ Inkqubo yamajoni omzimba

Njengoko sikhula, amajoni ethu omzimba aye ehla kwaye sisengozini yokugula. Uphando lwakutsha nje lucebisa ukuba amanqanaba e-NAD + adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni iimpendulo ze-immune kunye nokudumba kunye nokusinda kweeseli ngexesha lokuguga. Uphononongo luqaqambisa amandla onyango e-NAD + yokungasebenzi kakuhle kwamajoni omzimba.

Ubudlelwane phakathi kwendima ye-NAD + kunye nokuguga

I-Coenzymes ithatha inxaxheba kwimetabolism yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezifana neswekile, i-fat, kunye neprotheni emzimbeni womntu, kwaye idlala indima ephambili ekulawuleni izinto eziphathekayo kunye ne-metabolism yamandla kunye nokugcina imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yomzimba. I-NAD yeyona coenzyme ibalulekileyo emzimbeni womntu, ikwabizwa ngokuba yicoenzyme I. Ithatha inxaxheba kumawaka ee-redox enzymatic reactions kumzimba womntu. Yinto eyimfuneko kwimetabolism yayo yonke iseli. Inemisebenzi emininzi, imisebenzi ephambili yile:

1. Ukukhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-bioenergy

I-NAD + ivelisa i-ATP ngokuphefumla kweselula, yongeza ngokuthe ngqo amandla eseli kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kweeseli;

2. Lungisa imizila yemfuza

I-NAD + kuphela kwe-substrate ye-DNA yokulungisa i-enzyme PARP. Olu hlobo lwe-enzyme luthatha inxaxheba ekulungiseni i-DNA, lunceda ukulungisa i-DNA eyonakeleyo kunye neeseli, ukunciphisa ithuba lokuguqulwa kweseli, kunye nokuthintela ukwenzeka komhlaza;

3. Sebenzisa zonke iiprotheyini zexesha elide

I-NAD+ inokusebenzisa zonke iiproteni ezi-7 zobomi obude, ke i-NAD+ inefuthe elibaluleke ngakumbi ekuchaseni ukuguga kunye nokwandisa ubomi;

4. Yomeleza amajoni omzimba

I-NAD + yomeleza amajoni omzimba kwaye iphucula ukhuseleko lweeseli ngokukhetha ukukhetha ukusinda kunye nokusebenza kweeseli ze-T ezilawulayo.

5. Ukukhuthaza ukukhula kweenwele

Esona sizathu siphambili sokulahleka kweenwele kukulahleka kweenwele zikamama weseli, kwaye ukulahleka kobunzima bomzimba kamama kungenxa yokuba inqanaba leNAD + emzimbeni womntu liyehla. Iiseli zikamama weenwele azinayo i-ATP eyaneleyo yokwenza iprotein synthesis yeenwele, ngaloo ndlela zilahlekelwa ngamandla kwaye zikhokelela ekulahlekeni kweenwele.

6. Ukulawulwa kobunzima, ukukhuthaza imetabolism

Kwi-2017, uNjingalwazi uDavid Sinclair weSikolo sezoNyango saseHarvard kunye neqela elivela kwiKholeji yezoNyango yase-Australia lenze umfuniselo wokuthelekisa kwiigundane zabasetyhini abatyebileyo abasebenzisa i-treadmill kwiiveki ze-9 kwaye bathatha i-NMN imihla ngemihla ngeentsuku ze-18. Uphononongo lufumene ukuba i-NMN ichaphazela i-fat metabolism yesibindi. Kwaye umphumo wokudibanisa ngokucacileyo mkhulu kunomsebenzi.

Ngokucacileyo, ukwaluphala kukhatshwa kukwehla okuqhubelekayo kwezicubu kunye namanqanaba eselula e-NAD + kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kubandakanya iimpuku kunye nabantu. Ukwehla kwamanqanaba e-NAD + kunxulunyaniswa nezifo ezininzi ezinxulumene nokwaluphala, kubandakanya ukuncipha kwengqondo, umhlaza, isifo se-metabolic, i-sarcopenia, kunye nobuthathaka.

Ndingayongeza njani i-NAD+ yonke imihla?

Akukho nikezelo lungapheliyo lwe-NAD + emzimbeni wethu. Umxholo kunye nomsebenzi we-NAD + emzimbeni womntu uya kuncipha ngokuhamba kweminyaka, kwaye uya kuncipha ngokukhawuleza emva kweminyaka engama-30, okukhokelela ekugugeni kweeseli, i-apoptosis kunye nokulahleka kwesakhono sokuvuselela. .

Ngapha koko, ukuncitshiswa kwe-NAD + kuya kubangela uthotho lweengxaki zempilo, ke ukuba i-NAD + ayinako ukuphinda iphinde iphinde ifike kwangexesha, iziphumo zinokucingelwa.

1.Isongezelelo esisuka ekutyeni

Ukutya okunje ngekhaphetshu, i-broccoli, iavokhado, i-steak, amakhowa, kunye ne-edamame ziqulathe i-NAD+ precursors, enokuguqulwa ibe yi-NAD esebenzayo* emzimbeni emva kokufunxa.

2.Ukunqanda ukutya kunye neekhalori

Isithintelo se-caloric esiphakathi sinokuvula iindlela zokuva amandla ngaphakathi kweeseli kunye nokwandisa amanqanaba e-NAD * ngokungathanga ngqo. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba utya ukutya okunesondlo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zesondlo somzimba wakho

3. Hlala usebenza kwaye uzilolonge

Ukuzilolonga okuphakathi kwe-aerobic njengokubaleka kunye nokuqubha kunokonyusa amanqanaba e-NAD + e-intracellular, ukunceda ukonyusa ukuhanjiswa kweoksijini emzimbeni kunye nokuphucula imetabolism yamandla.

4. Landela imikhwa yokulala esempilweni

Ngexesha lokulala, umzimba womntu uqhuba iinkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zemetabolism kunye nokulungiswa, kubandakanya ukuhlanganiswa kweNAD *. Ukulala ngokwaneleyo kunceda ukugcina amanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-NAD

5. Yongeza izinto ze-NAD+ ze-precursor

I-Nicotinic acid (NA) kunye ne-nicotinamide (NAM) zombini izandulela ze-NAD +. Zinokudityaniswa kwaye ziguqulwe zibe yi-NAD emzimbeni womntu, ngaloo ndlela zandisa umxholo wayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokulinganiselwa kwendlela yokudibanisa kunye ne-enzyme yokunciphisa izinga, i-bioavailability iphantsi. .

6 Yongeza ngokuthe ngqo i-NAD+

Ukongezwa kwangaphandle kwe-NAD+ kunokubuyisela ngokukhawuleza amanqanaba e-NAD+ emzimbeni, ivumela amalungu abalulekileyo anjengentliziyo kunye nengqondo ukuba afumane ukongezelelwa okusebenzayo ngakumbi kwe-NAD +.

I-Suzhou Myland Pharm & Nutrition Inc. ngumvelisi obhalisiweyo we-FDA obonelela ngekhwalithi ephezulu kunye nokucoceka okuphezulu kwe-NAD + yokongeza umgubo.

ESuzhou Myland Pharm sizimisele ukubonelela ngezona mveliso zikumgangatho ophezulu ngamaxabiso angcono. Iipowder zethu zokongeza ze-NAD + zivavanywa ngokungqongqo ubunyulu kunye namandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana isongezelelo esikumgangatho ophezulu onokumthemba. Nokuba ufuna ukuxhasa impilo yeselula, ukomeleza amajoni akho omzimba okanye ukomeleza impilo yonke, i-NAD + yethu yokongeza umgubo lolona khetho lufanelekileyo.

Ineminyaka engama-30 yamava kwaye iqhutywa bubuchwepheshe obuphezulu kunye nezicwangciso ze-R&D eziphuculwe kakhulu, iSuzhou Myland Pharm iphuhlise uluhlu lweemveliso ezikhuphisanayo kwaye ibe sisongezelelo sesayensi yobomi, ukudibanisa isiko kunye nenkampani yeenkonzo zokuvelisa.

Ukongeza, iSuzhou Myland Pharm ikwangumvelisi obhalisiweyo we-FDA. Izixhobo ze-R&D zenkampani, izixhobo zemveliso, kunye nezixhobo zohlalutyo zezanamhlanje kwaye zinemisebenzi emininzi, kwaye zinokuvelisa iikhemikhali ukusuka kwimilligrams ukuya kwiitoni kwisikali, kwaye zithobela imigangatho ye-ISO 9001 kunye neenkcukacha zemveliso ye-GMP.