Kutheni Ufanele Uthenge iSpermidine Powder? Iingenelo Eziphambili Zichaziwe

I-Spermidine,eyaziwa ngokuba yi-spermidine, sisithako se-triamine polyamine esifumaneka kakhulu kwizityalo ezifana nengqolowa, iisoya, kunye neetapile, iintsholongwane ezifana ne-lactobacilli kunye ne-bifidobacteria, kunye nezicubu ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana. I-Spermidine yi-hydrocarbon ene-skeleton yekhabhoni efana ne-zigzag eyenziwe zii-athomu zekhabhoni ezi-7 kunye namaqela e-amino kuzo zombini iziphelo kunye naphakathi.

Uphando lwanamhlanje luye lwabonisa ukuba i-spermidine ibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezibalulekileyo zobomi ezifana nokuphindaphinda kwe-DNA yeselula, ukubhalwa kwe-mRNA, kunye nokuguqulwa kweproteni, kunye neenkqubo ezininzi ze-pathophysiological ezifana nokukhusela uxinzelelo lomzimba kunye ne-metabolism. Inokhuseleko lwentliziyo kunye nokukhusela imithambo-luvo, ukulwa nethumba, kunye nokulawula ukudumba, njl. Umsebenzi obalulekileyo webhayoloji.

I-Spermidine ithathwa njengesixhobo esinamandla sokuvuselela i-autophagy, inkqubo yokuphinda isetyenziswe ngaphakathi kweeseli apho iiseli ezindala zizihlaziya khona kwaye ziphinde zisebenze kwakhona. I-Spermidine idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kweseli nasekuphileni kwayo. Emzimbeni, i-spermidine iveliswa yi-precursor putrescine yayo, nto leyo ekwangunobangela kwenye i-polyamine ebizwa ngokuba yi-spermine, ekwabalulekile ekusebenzeni kweseli.

I-Spermidine kunye ne-putrescine zivuselela i-autophagy, inkqubo eqhekeza inkunkuma yangaphakathi kwiseli kwaye iphinda isebenzise izinto zeseli kwaye yindlela yokulawula umgangatho we-mitochondria, amandla eseli. I-Autophagy iyawa kwaye ilahle i-mitochondria eyonakeleyo okanye enesiphene, kwaye ukulahla i-mitochondria yinkqubo elawulwa ngokuqinileyo. Ii-polyamines ziyakwazi ukubopha kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemolekyuli, okwenza zibe nokuguquguquka. Zixhasa iinkqubo ezinje ngokukhula kweeseli, ukuzinza kwe-DNA, ukwanda kweeseli, kunye ne-apoptosis. Ii-polyamines zibonakala zisebenza ngendlela efanayo nezinto zokukhula ngexesha lokwahlukana kweeseli, yiyo loo nto i-putrescine kunye ne-spermidine zibalulekile ekukhuleni nasekusebenzeni kwezicubu eziphilileyo.

Abaphandi bafunde indlela i-spermidine ekhusela ngayo iiseli kwi-oxidative stress, enokuyonakalisa iiseli kwaye ikhokelele kwizifo ezahlukeneyo. Bafumanise ukuba i-spermidine ivuselela i-autophagy. Olu phononongo luchonge ii-genes eziphambili ezichaphazelekayo yi-spermidine ezinciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kwaye zikhuthaza i-autophagy kwezi seli. Ukongeza, bafumanise ukuba ukuvala indlela ye-mTOR, edla ngokubandakanyeka ekuthinteleni i-autophagy, kuyonyusa ngakumbi iziphumo zokukhusela ze-spermidine.

Zeziphi ukutya ezinamafutha amaninzi kwi-spermidine?

I-Spermidine yi-polyamine ebalulekileyo. Ukongeza ekubeni iveliswa ngumzimba womntu ngokwawo, imithombo yayo yokutya eninzi kunye neentsholongwane zamathumbu nazo ziindlela eziphambili zokubonelela. Ubungakanani be-spermidine ekutyeni okwahlukeneyo buyahluka kakhulu, kwaye i-wheat germ ingumthombo wezityalo owaziwayo. Eminye imithombo yokutya ibandakanya i-grapefruit, iimveliso zesoya, iimbotyi, umbona, iinkozo ezipheleleyo, iitshizi, ii-peas, iipepile eziluhlaza, i-broccoli, ii-orenji, iti eluhlaza, i-rice bran kunye neepepile eziluhlaza ezintsha. Ukongeza, ukutya okufana namakhowa e-shiitake, imbewu ye-amaranth, ikholifulawa, itshizi evuthiweyo kunye ne-durian nako kuqulethe i-spermidine.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukutya kwaseMeditera kuqulethe ukutya okuninzi okutyebileyo kwi-spermidine, okunokunceda ukuchaza imeko "yendawo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka" apho abantu baphila ixesha elide kwiindawo ezithile. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abangakwaziyo ukutya i-spermidine eyaneleyo ngokutya, izongezo ze-spermidine ziyindlela efanelekileyo. I-spermidine kwezi zongezo yimolekyuli efanayo yendalo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe yindlela efanelekileyo.

Yintoni i-putrescine?

Ukuveliswa kwe-putrescine kubandakanya iindlela ezimbini, zombini eziqala nge-amino acid arginine. Kwindlela yokuqala, i-arginine iguqulwa kuqala ibe yi-agmatine ekhuthazwa yi-arginine decarboxylase. Emva koko, i-agmatine iguqulwa ngakumbi ibe yi-N-carbamoylputrescine ngesenzo se-agmatine iminohydroxylase. Ekugqibeleni, i-N-carbamoylputrescine iguqulwa ibe yi-putrescine, igqibezela inkqubo yotshintsho. Indlela yesibini ilula, iguqula ngokuthe ngqo i-arginine ibe yi-ornithine, ize iguqule i-ornithine ibe yi-putrescine ngesenzo se-ornithine decarboxylase. Nangona ezi ndlela zimbini zinamanyathelo ahlukeneyo, zombini ekugqibeleni zifikelela ekuguqulweni ukusuka kwi-arginine ukuya kwi-putrescine.

I-Putrescine yi-diamine efumaneka kwizitho ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-pancreas, i-thymus, ulusu, ingqondo, isibeleko kunye nama-ovari. I-Putrescine ikwafumaneka rhoqo ekutyeni okufana ne-wheat germ, ipepile eluhlaza, iisoya, ii-pistachios, kunye nee-orenji. Izifundo zakutshanje zibonise ukuba i-putrescine sisithako esibalulekileyo sokulawula i-metabolic esinokusebenzisana nee-macromolecules zebhayoloji ezifana ne-DNA etshajwe kakubi, i-RNA, ii-ligands ezahlukeneyo (ezifana ne-β1 kunye ne-β2 adrenergic receptors), kunye neeproteni ze-membrane. , ezikhokelela kuthotho lotshintsho lwe-physiological okanye lwe-pathological emzimbeni.

Isiphumo seSpermidine

Umsebenzi we-Antioxidant: I-Spermidine inomsebenzi onamandla we-antioxidant kwaye inokusabela kunye ne-free radicals ukunciphisa umonakalo we-oxidative kwiiseli ezibangelwa yi-free radicals. Emzimbeni, i-spermidine inokukhuthaza ukubonakaliswa kwee-enzymes ze-antioxidant kwaye iphucule amandla e-antioxidant.

Ulawulo lwemetabolism yamandla: I-Spermidine ibandakanyeka ekulawuleni imetabolism yamandla yezinto eziphilayo, inokukhuthaza ukufunxwa nokusetyenziswa kweglucose emva kokutya, kwaye ichaphazela umlinganiselo wemetabolism ye-aerobic kunye nemetabolism ye-anaerobic ngokulawula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yamandla e-mitochondrial.

isiphumo sokulwa nokuvuvukala

I-Spermidine inefuthe lokulwa nokuvuvukala kwaye inokulawula ukubonakaliswa kwezinto ezibangela ukuvuvukala kwaye inciphise ukwenzeka kokuvuvukala okungapheliyo. Inxulumene kakhulu nendlela ye-nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB).

Ukukhula, uphuhliso kunye nokulawulwa komzimba: I-Spermidine ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekukhuleni, uphuhliso kunye nokulawulwa komzimba. Ingakhuthaza ukukhutshwa kwehomoni yokukhula emzimbeni womntu kwaye incede ekuphuculeni uphuhliso lwezicubu ezahlukeneyo kunye namalungu omzimba. Kwangaxeshanye, kulawulo lomzimba, i-spermidine inyusa ukumelana komzimba kwiintsholongwane kunye nezifo ngokulawula ukuveliswa kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi kunye nokukhuthaza ukususwa kweentlobo zeoksijini ezisebenzayo.

Ukulibazisa ukuguga: I-Spermidine inokukhuthaza i-autophagy, inkqubo yokucoca ngaphakathi kweeseli enceda ukususa ii-organelles kunye neeproteni ezonakeleyo, ngaloo ndlela ibambezela ukuguga.

Ulawulo lweeseli zeGlial: I-Spermidine idlala indima ebalulekileyo yolawulo kwiiseli ze-glial. Ingabandakanyeka kwiinkqubo zokubonisa iiseli kunye nonxibelelwano olusebenzayo phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo, kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo yolawulo ekuphuhlisweni kweeseli zemithambo-luvo, ukudluliselwa kwe-synaptic, kunye nokuchasana ne-neuropathy.

Ukukhuselwa kwentliziyo: Kwintsimi yentliziyo, i-spermidine inokunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha kwi-atherosclerotic plaques, inciphise i-hypertrophy yentliziyo, kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kwe-diastolic, ngaloo ndlela ifezekisa ukhuseleko lwentliziyo. Ukongeza, ukutya i-spermidine kuphucula uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye kunciphisa ukugula kwentliziyo kunye nokufa.

Ngowama-2016, uphando olupapashwe kwi-Atherosclerosis luqinisekisile ukuba i-spermidine inokunciphisa ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha kwi-atherosclerotic plaques. Kunyaka ofanayo, uphando olupapashwe kwi-Nature Medicine luqinisekisile ukuba i-spermidine inokunciphisa i-hypertrophy yentliziyo kwaye iphucule ukusebenza kwe-diastolic, ngaloo ndlela ikhusela intliziyo kwaye yandise ubomi bempuku.

Ukuphucula isifo se-Alzheimer

Ukusela i-spermidine kuluncedo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwenkumbulo yomntu. Iqela likaNjingalwazi uReinhart wase-Australia lifumanise ukuba unyango lwe-spermidine lunokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwengqondo yabantu abadala. Olu phononongo lwamkele uyilo lwe-multi-center double-blind kwaye lwabhalisa abantu abadala abangama-85 kumakhaya ama-6 okunyamekela abantu abadala, abahlulwe ngokungacwangciswanga baba ngamaqela amabini kwaye basebenzisa iidosi ezahlukeneyo ze-spermidine. Umsebenzi wabo wokuqonda uvavanywe ngovavanyo lwenkumbulo kwaye wahlulwe ngamaqela amane: akukho dementia, dementia engephi, dementia engephi kunye ne-dementia enzima. Iisampuli zegazi zaqokelelwa ukuvavanya uxinano lwe-spermidine egazini labo. Iziphumo zabonisa ukuba uxinano lwe-spermidine lwalunxulumene kakhulu nomsebenzi wokuqonda kwiqela elingephi le-dementia, kwaye inqanaba lokuqonda labantu abadala abane-dementia engephi ukuya kwephakathi liphucuke kakhulu emva kokutya iidosi eziphezulu ze-spermidine.

I-Autophagy

I-Spermidine inokukhuthaza i-autophagy, njenge-mTOR (target of rapamycin) indlela yokuthintela. Ngokukhuthaza i-autophagy, inceda ukususa ii-organelles kunye neeproteni ezonakeleyo kwiiseli kwaye igcina impilo yeeseli.

I-Spermidine hydrochloride isetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo

Kwicandelo lezemithi, i-spermidine hydrochloride isetyenziswa njengeyeza elikhusela isibindi elinokuphucula ukusebenza kwesibindi kwaye linciphise umonakalo wesibindi. Ukongeza, i-spermidine hydrochloride ingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezifana ne-cholesterol ephezulu, i-hypertriglyceridemia, kunye nesifo sentliziyo.

I-Spermidine hydrochloride isebenza ngokunciphisa amanqanaba e-plasma homocysteine ​​​​(Hcy), ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba i-spermidine hydrochloride inokukhuthaza imetabolism ye-Hcy kwaye inciphise umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo ngokunciphisa amanqanaba e-plasma Hcy.

Uphononongo malunga nemiphumo ye-spermidine hydrochloride kumngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo lubonise ukuba i-spermidine hydrochloride inokunciphisa amanqanaba e-plasma Hcy, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Kolu phononongo, abaphandi bahlukanise abathathi-nxaxheba baba ngamaqela amabini, elinye lifumana isongezelelo se-spermidine hydrochloride kwaye elinye lifumana i-placebo.

Iziphumo zophando zibonise ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba abafumene isongezelelo se-spermidine hydrochloride babenamanqanaba aphantsi kakhulu e-plasma Hcy kunye nokuncipha okufanayo komngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Ukongeza, kukho ezinye izifundo ezixhasa indima ye-spermidine hydrochloride ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.

Kwintsimi yokutya, i-spermidine hydrochloride isetyenziswa njengesithambisi-ncasa kunye ne-humectant ukuphucula incasa yokutya kunye nokugcina umswakama wokutya. Ukongeza, i-spermidine hydrochloride ingasetyenziswa njengesongezelelo sokondla ukuphucula izinga lokukhula kunye nomgangatho wemisipha yezilwanyana.

Kwizinto zokuthambisa, i-spermidine hydrochloride isetyenziswa njenge-humectant kunye ne-antioxidant ukugcina umswakama wolusu kunye nokunciphisa umonakalo we-free radicals. Ukongeza, i-spermidine hydrochloride ingasetyenziswa nakwi-sunscreens ukunciphisa umonakalo wemitha ye-ultraviolet kulusu.

Kwintsimi yezolimo, i-spermidine hydrochloride isetyenziswa njengomlawuli wokukhula kwezityalo ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwezityalo nokwandisa isivuno.