Malunga nezongezo zokutya: Oko Ufanele Ukwazi

Izongezo zesondlo, ezaziwa ngokuba zizongezo zokutya, izongezo zesondlo, izongezo zokutya, ukutya okunempilo, njl.njl., zisetyenziswa njengendlela encedisayo yokutya ukongeza ii-amino acids, izinto ezincinci, iivithamini, iiminerali, njl.njl. ezifunekayo emzimbeni womntu.
Ngokweembono zabantu nje, isongezelelo sesondlo yinto yokutya. Oko kutyiwa emlonyeni akukokutya okanye amayeza. Luhlobo lwento ephakathi kokutya namayeza anokwanelisa iimfuno zesondlo zomzimba womntu. Uninzi lwazo luvela kwizilwanyana nezityalo zemvelo, kwaye ezinye zivela kwiikhompawundi zeekhemikhali. Ukusetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo kuneengenelo ezithile ebantwini kwaye kunokugcina okanye kukhuthaze impilo.
Izongezo zesondlo kukutya okuqulethe izondlo ezithile eziveliswe ngenjongo yokulungisa izondlo ezinokuthi zinganeli kwiindlela eziqhelekileyo zokutya kwabantu kwaye kwangaxeshanye ziyimfuneko emzimbeni womntu.
Izongezo zesondlo azenzi nto inye kunye nokutya okufana nezondlo eziqinisayo. Endaweni yoko, zenziwa ikakhulu iipilisi, iipilisi, iikhaphu, iigranule okanye ulwelo lomlomo, kwaye zithathwa ngokwahlukeneyo xa kutyiwa. Izongezo zesondlo zinokwenziwa ngee-amino acids, ii-polyunsaturated fatty acids, iiminerali kunye neevithamini, okanye ivithamini enye okanye ezingaphezulu kuphela. Zinokwenziwa ngezithako zokutya enye okanye ezingaphezulu, ngaphandle kwee-amino acids, iivithamini, iiminerali. Ukongeza kwizondlo ezifana nezinto, inokwenziwa ngamayeza okanye ezinye izithako zezityalo, okanye izinto ezixutyiweyo, izicatshulwa okanye indibaniselwano yezi zithako zingasentla.
Ngo-1994, i-US Congress yamisela uMthetho weMfundo yezeMpilo yeZithako zokutya, owawuchaza izongezo zokutya ngolu hlobo: Yimveliso (hayi icuba) eyenzelwe ukongeza ukutya kwaye inokuba nesinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zithako zokutya zilandelayo: Iivithamini, iiminerali, imifuno (amayeza ezityalo) okanye ezinye izityalo, ii-amino acid, izithako zokutya ezongeziweyo ukwandisa ukutya kwemihla ngemihla, okanye izinto ezixutyiweyo, ii-metabolites, izicatshulwa okanye indibaniselwano yezi zithako zingasentla, njl. "Izongezo zokutya" kufuneka ziphawulwe kwileyibhile. Ingathathwa ngomlomo ngendlela yeepilisi, iikhaphukhaphu, iipilisi okanye ulwelo, kodwa ayinakuthatha indawo yokutya okuqhelekileyo okanye isetyenziswe njengendawo yokutya endaweni yokutya.
Impahla engekasilwa
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwizongezo zesondlo zokutya zifumaneka ikakhulu kwiintlobo zendalo, kwaye kukwakho nezinto ezikhuselekileyo nezithembekileyo eziveliswa ngetekhnoloji yeekhemikhali okanye yebhayoloji, ezifana nezicatshulwa zezilwanyana nezityalo, iivithamini, iiminerali, ii-amino acids, njl.njl.
Ngokubanzi, iipropati zomzimba nezekhemikhali zezithako ezisebenzayo ezikuyo zizinzile, ulwakhiwo lweekhemikhali lucacile, indlela yokusebenza ibonakaliswe ngokwesayensi ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, kwaye ukhuseleko lwayo, ukusebenza kwayo, kunye nolawulo lomgangatho ziyahlangabezana nemigangatho yolawulo.
Ifomu
Izongezo zesondlo zokutya zifumaneka kakhulu kwiifom zemveliso ezifana namayeza, kwaye iifom zedosi ezisetyenziswayo ziquka: iikhaphu eziqinileyo, iikhaphu ezithambileyo, iipilisi, ulwelo oluselwa ngomlomo, iigranules, iipowders, njl. Iifom zokupakisha ziquka iibhotile, iibhareli (iibhokisi), iingxowa, iipleyiti ze-aluminium-plastic blister kunye nezinye iifom ezipakishwe kwangaphambili.
Umsebenzi
Kwabaninzi abantu abaphila ubomi obungenampilo namhlanje, izongezo zesondlo zinokuthathwa njengendlela esebenzayo yokulungisa imeko. Ukuba abantu batya ukutya okukhawulezileyo okuninzi kwaye abawulolongi umzimba, ingxaki yokutyeba kakhulu iya kuba nkulu ngakumbi.

Imakethi yesongezelelo sokutya

1. Ubungakanani kunye nokukhula kwemarike
Ubungakanani bemarike yesongezelelo sokudla buyaqhubeka nokukhula, kunye namazinga okukhula kwemarike ahluka ngokwemfuno yabathengi kunye nokuqonda ngempilo kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Kwamanye amazwe aphuhlileyo kunye nemimandla, ukukhula kwemarike kudla ngokuzinza ngenxa yokuqonda okuphezulu kwabathengi ngokutya okunempilo kunye nezongezo; ngelixa kwamanye amazwe asaphuhlayo, ngenxa yokuphuculwa kokuqonda ngempilo kunye nemigangatho yokuphila, izinga lokukhula kwemarike likhawuleza kakhulu.

2. Imfuno yabathengi
Iimfuno zabathengi zezongezo zokutya zahlukile, ziquka iinkalo ezifana nokuphucula amajoni omzimba, ukomeleza amandla omzimba, ukuphucula ubuthongo, ukunciphisa umzimba, kunye nokwakha izihlunu. Ngokuthandwa kolwazi lwezempilo, abathengi bathambekele ngakumbi ekukhetheni iimveliso zezongezo zendalo, ezingenazo izongezo, kwaye ziqinisekisiwe ngokwendalo.

3. Ukuvelisa izinto ezintsha
Ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabathengi, iimveliso kwimarike yezongezo zokutya nazo zihlala zivelisa izinto ezintsha. Umzekelo, kukho izongezo ezintsonkothileyo ezidibanisa izondlo ezininzi kwimarike, kunye nezongezo ezikhethekileyo zamaqela athile abantu (njengabasetyhini abakhulelweyo, abantu abadala, kunye nabadlali). Ukongeza, ngophuhliso lwesayensi netekhnoloji, ezinye iimveliso ziye zaqala ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuphambili bokwenza izinto ezifana ne-nanotechnology kunye netekhnoloji ye-microencapsulation ukuphucula izinga lokufunxwa kunye nefuthe lemveliso.

4. Imigaqo neMigangatho
Imigaqo nemigangatho yezongezo zokutya iyahluka kumazwe ahlukeneyo nakwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Kwamanye amazwe, izongezo zokutya zithathwa njengenxalenye yokutya kwaye azilawulwa kangako; kwamanye amazwe, ziphantsi kwemvume engqongqo kunye nesatifikethi. Ngophuhliso lorhwebo lwehlabathi, imigaqo nemigangatho yamazwe ngamazwe yezongezo zokutya ifumana ingqwalasela engakumbi.

5. Iindlela ezisetyenziswa kwimarike
Okwangoku, ezinye iindlela ezisetyenziswa kwimarike yezongezo zokutya ziquka: izongezo zesondlo ezenzelwe wena, ukukhula kweemveliso zendalo nezendalo, ukwanda kwemfuno yabathengi yeemveliso ezikumgangatho wobungqina, ukusetyenziswa kwedijithali kunye nobukrelekrele kwicandelo lezongezo zesondlo, njl.njl.
Imakethi yesongezelelo sokutya yishishini elinamacandelo amaninzi nelikhula ngokukhawuleza. Le marike kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke nokukhula njengoko abathengi bexhalabela ngakumbi impilo kunye nesondlo, kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji. Nangona kunjalo, kwangaxeshanye, imakethi yesongezelelo sokutya ikwajongene nemingeni kwimigaqo, imigangatho, ukhuseleko lwemveliso kunye nezinye iinkalo, nto leyo efuna ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba kushishino basebenzisane ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olusempilweni lwemakethi.