I-Urolithin A ziikhompawundi zendalo eziyi-metabolite compounds eziveliswa yibhaktheriya yamathumbu eziguqula i-ellagitannins ukuphucula impilo kwinqanaba leeseli. I-Urolithin B ifumene ingqalelo yabaphandi ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuphucula impilo yamathumbu nokunciphisa ukudumba. I-Urolithin A kunye ne-urolithin B zineempawu ezifanayo, kodwa zinomahluko owahlukileyo. Masizame ukufumana umahluko othile!
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, izazinzulu bezifunda ngezibonelelo zempilo ze-urolithin, ikhompawundi yendalo eyikhompawundi ye-metabolite eveliswa kukuguqulwa kwe-ellagitannins yibhaktheriya yamathumbu. Izinto ezandulelayo yi-ellagic acid kunye ne-ellagitannins, ezifumaneka ngokwendalo kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo yokutya efana ne-pomegranate, i-guava, iti, iipecans, amantongomane, kunye namaqunube afana nama-strawberry, ama-raspberry amnyama, kunye namaqunube amnyama. Ukongeza, i-urolithin A, i-polyphenol yendalo, inomdla njenge-antioxidant enamandla kunye ne-anti-inflammatory agent enezibonelelo ezilungileyo zempilo.
Sizifundo eziphanda i-thIziphumo ze-UA kwimisebenzi yeseli kunye neendlela zebhayoloji zibonise ukuba ineendlela ezininzi zokusebenza. Izifundo zifumanise nokuba i-UA ivuselela i-mitochondrial autophagy, inkqubo esusa i-mitochondria eyonakeleyo kwiseli kwaye iphucule imveliso yamandla. Eli nyathelo libaluleke kakhulu kwizifo ezinxulumene nokwaluphala, njengoko i-mitochondria engasebenzi kakuhle ikhokelela ekuqokeleleni koxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kunye nokudumba. I-UA ikwalawula ukubonakaliswa kwezakhi zofuzo ezibandakanyekayo kwimpendulo yoxinzelelo lwe-oxidative, ukulungiswa kwe-DNA kunye ne-apoptosis, ezibalulekileyo ekugcineni ukuthembeka kweseli kunye nokuthintela umhlaza.
EnyeInkalo enomdla ye-UA kukubaamandla ayo njengomkhuhli wokwaluphala, oko kuthetha ukuba inokubangela i-apoptosis kwiiseli ezisandul’ ukubola, eziziiseli ezonakeleyo ezingasahlukaniyo kodwa ezikhupha izinto eziyingozi ezonakalisa iiseli kunye nezicubu ezikufutshane. Iiseli ezisandul’ ukubola zinxulunyaniswa nezifo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nokwaluphala, ezifana ne-arthritis, i-atherosclerosis kunye ne-neukonakala kwe-urodegeneration. Ngokususa ezi seli ngokukhetha, i-UA inokulibazisa okanye ithintele ukuqala kwezi zifo kwaye iphucule impilo iyonke.
Ii-Urolithin ziluhlobo lweekhompawundi ezaziwa ngokuba yi-ellagitannin metabolites, eziveliswa kakhulu yi-gut microbiota. Phakathi kwazo, iimolekyuli ezimbini, i-urolithin A kunye ne-urolithin B, ziye zafumana ingqalelo enkulu ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo zempilo. Ezi khompawundi zifumaneka kwiziqhamo ezahlukeneyo ezifana neepomegranate, amaqunube, kunye nama-raspberries. Kule blog, siza kujonga ngokusondeleyo iipropati ezinxulumene ne-urolithin A kunye ne-urolithin B.
I-Urolithin A yeyona molekyuli ininzi kusapho lwe-urolithin, kwaye iphandwe kakuhle ngeempawu zayo zokulwa ne-antioxidant kunye nokulwa nokuvuvukala. Ngaphezu koko, izifundo zibonise ukuba i-UA inokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial kwaye ithintele umonakalo kwizihlunu. I-UA ikwayaziwa ngeempawu zayo zokulwa nomhlaza. Uphando lubonise ukuba i-UA inokuthintela ukwanda kweeseli kwaye ibangele ukufa kweeseli kwiiseli ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza, kubandakanya iiseli zomhlaza we-prostate, webele, kunye nowe-colon.
Kwelinye icala, i-urolithin B ifumene ingqalelo yabaphandi ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuphucula impilo yamathumbu nokunciphisa ukudumba. Izifundo zibonise ukuba i-UB inokuphucula ukwahlukana kweentsholongwane zamathumbu kwaye inciphise ii-cytokines ezibangela ukudumba, ezifana ne-interleukin-6 kunye ne-tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Ngaphezu koko, i-UB ikwafunyenwe ukuba ineempawu ezinokuthi zikhusele imithambo-luvo, njengoko izifundo zibonise ukuba inokunceda ukuthintela izifo eziwohlokayo zemithambo-luvo ezifana neParkinson's kunye ne-Alzheimer's.
Nangona zineempawu ezifanayo, i-UA kunye ne-UB zinomahluko ophawulekayo. Umzekelo, i-UA ibonakaliswe inamandla ngakumbi njenge-arhente yokulwa nokuvuvukala kunye ne-antioxidant kune-UB. Kwelinye icala, i-UB ifunyenwe isebenza ngakumbi ekuthinteleni iingxaki ezinxulumene nokutyeba, ezinje ngokuxhathisa i-insulin kunye nokwahluka kwamafutha. Ukongeza, ngokungafaniyo ne-UA, i-UB ayifundwanga ngokubanzi njenge-arhente yokulwa nomhlaza.
Indlela yokusebenza kwe-UA kunye ne-UB nayo yahlukile. I-UA isebenzisa indlela ye-Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), edlala indima kwi-mitochondrial biogenesis, ngelixa i-UB iphucula indlela ye-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), ebandakanyeka kwi-energy homeostasis. Ezi ndlela zinegalelo kwimiphumo emihle yale mixube kwimpilo.
Nangona iingenelo ezinomdla ze-UA kunye ne-UB zikho, kusekho imida ekusetyenzisweni kwazo. Umzekelo, ukufumaneka kwezinto eziphilayo kwezi zinto kusezantsi kakhulu, kwaye i-pharmacokinetics yazo ayiqondakali kakuhle. Ngaphezu koko, impembelelo yezi zinto ebantwini ayikacaciswa ngokupheleleyo, njengoko uninzi lwezifundo zenziwe kwi-vitro okanye kwiimodeli zezilwanyana. Nangona kunjalo, uphando olukhoyo lubonisa ukuba i-UA kunye ne-UB zinokuba ngabaviwa abathembisayo bokuphuhlisa ukutya okusebenzayo okanye izongezo zokuxhasa impilo iyonke kunye nokuthintela izifo.
I-Urolithin A. Le molekyuli incinci efumaneka ngokwendalo kwiziqhamo ezithile kunye namandongomane idumile ngenxa yokukwazi kwayo ukuphucula yonke into ukusuka ekukhuleni kwemisipha ukuya ekusebenzeni kwengqondo. I-Urolithin A yi-metabolite, oko kuthetha ukuba yimveliso yezinye iikhompawundi emzimbeni. Ngokukodwa, iveliswa xa iibhaktheriya zamathumbu ziqhekeza ii-ellagitannins, ezifumaneka kukutya okuthile okufana neepomegranate, amaqunube kunye neewalnuts. Kodwa nantsi inxalenye enomdla: ayinguye wonke umntu onebhaktheriya yamathumbu efunekayo ukuvelisa i-urolithin A. Enyanisweni, izifundo zibonise ukuba malunga ne-30-50% yabantu kuphela abanokuvelisa le molekyuli ngokwendalo. Kulapho izongezo ziluncedo khona.
Ngoko ke, zithiniIingenelo ze-urolithin A? Kaloku, enye yezona zityholo zinkulu kukuba inokunceda ukuphucula impilo yemisipha. Uphononongo olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi iNature Medicine lufumanise ukuba xa iimpuku zinikwa i-urolithin A, zonyuka ngama-42% ekunyamezeleni kwazo kwaye zonyuka ngama-70% kubunzima bemisipha. Nangona ezi ziphumo zimangalisa ngokuqinisekileyo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba olu yayiluphononongo oluncinci kwaye kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ukuqinisekisa ezi ziphumo ebantwini.
Kodwa akupheleli apho kuthiwa i-urolithin A iyenza. Ikwabonakalisiwe ukuba iphucula ukusebenza kwe-mitochondrial. I-Mitochondria ngokuyintloko zizityalo zamandla zeeseli, ezinoxanduva lokuvelisa amandla anokusetyenziswa ngumzimba. Njengoko sikhula, umsebenzi wethu we-mitochondrial uqala ukwehla, nto leyo enokubangela iingxaki ezininzi zempilo. Nangona kunjalo, uphando lwangaphambili lubonisa ukuba i-urolithin A inokunceda ukucothisa oku kwehla, inokuphucula impilo iyonke kwaye yandise ixesha lokuphila.
Ngokungathi oko akwanelanga, i-urolithin A ikwabonakalisiwe ukuba ineengenelo zokuqonda. Uphononongo olupapashwe kwijenali iScientific Reports lufumanise ukuba xa iimpuku zinikwa i-urolithin A, inkumbulo yazo kunye nobuchule bazo bokufunda baphucuka. Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba oku kusenokuba kungenxa yemiphumo yemolekyuli yokulwa nokuvuvukala, enceda ukukhusela iiseli zobuchopho ekonakaleni.
I-Urolithin B, ikhompawundi efumaneka kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zamaqunube kunye neepomegranate, yaziwa ngeenzuzo zayo ezinokubakho ekuphuculeni impilo ye-metabolism kunye nokwandisa ixesha lokuphila. Izifundo zakutshanje zibonise ukuba i-urolithin B ineempawu zokulwa nokuvuvukala kunye ne-antioxidant ezinokunceda ekuthinteleni izifo ezingapheliyo kunye nokuphucula impilo iyonke.
1. Iimpawu zokulwa nokuvuvukala
Ukudumba okungapheliyo yimbangela ephambili yezifo ezininzi, kuquka isifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile kunye nomhlaza. I-Urolithin B ineempawu zokulwa nokudumba ezinceda ekunciphiseni ukudumba emzimbeni, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa umngcipheko wesifo esingapheliyo. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba i-urolithin B inciphise kakhulu ukudumba kwiimpuku ezinezifo zokudumba kwamathumbu, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba iyasebenza ekunyangeni abantu abanezifo ezifanayo.
2. Iimpawu ze-Antioxidant
I-Urolithin B yi-antioxidant enamandla, oko kuthetha ukuba inokunceda ekukhuseleni umzimba kwi-oxidative stress, inkqubo eyonakalisa iiseli kwaye ikhuthaze inkqubo yokwaluphala. I-Urolithin B inceda ekuthinteleni umonakalo we-oxidative ngokunciphisa ii-free radicals, ezinokubangela umonakalo kwiiseli kwaye zikhokelele kwizifo ezingapheliyo. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba i-urolithin B inciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative kwiimpuku, ixhasa ngakumbi amandla ayo njengesongezelelo sokulwa nokwaluphala.
3. Khuthaza impilo yemisipha
I-Urolithin B ibonakalisiwe ukuba ikhuthaza i-mitochondrial autophagy, inkqubo yeselula enceda ekususeni i-mitochondria eyonakeleyo kwiiseli. Le nkqubo inceda ekuphuculeni impilo yemisipha iyonke kunye nokusebenza kwayo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisongezelelo esinokubakho kwabo bafuna ukuphucula ukusebenza komzimba. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba i-urolithin B iphucule ukusebenza kwemisipha kunye namandla kwiimpuku nakubantu.
4. Ixhasa impilo yengqondo
I-Urolithin B ibonakalisiwe ukuba ixhasa impilo yengqondo ngokukhuthaza i-neuroplasticity, inkqubo enceda ingqondo ukuba ivumelane nolwazi olutsha kwaye inokuphucula ukusebenza kwengqondo. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba i-urolithin B iphucule ukusebenza kwengqondo kwaye iphucula inkumbulo kwiimpuku.
5. Iingenelo ezinokubakho zobomi obude
Izifundo zakutshanje zibonise ukuba i-urolithin B inamandla okukhuthaza ubomi obude ngokuphucula impilo ye-metabolic, ukunciphisa ukudumba, kunye nokukhusela uxinzelelo lwe-oxidative. Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba i-urolithin B yonyusa ubomi kwi-C. elegans, uhlobo lwe-nematode worm, ixhasa iingenelo zayo zokukhuthaza ubomi obude.
1. Irharnati
Ipomegranate yenye yezona ndawo zibalaseleyo ze-urolithin. Abaphandi bafumanise ukuba ijusi yepomegranate inokunyusa amanqanaba egazi e-urolithins A kunye ne-B. Ukongeza, iipomegranate zinezinye izibonelelo zempilo, kubandakanya neempawu zokulwa nokuvuvukala kunye ne-antioxidant.
2. Amaqunube
Amaqunube afana namaqunube, amaqunube kunye namaqunube amnyama nawo angumthombo olungileyo we-urolithin. Izifundo zibonise ukuba ukutya amaqunube kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-urolithin A kunye ne-B egazini.
3. Amantongomane
IiWalnuts kunye neepecans kunye nezinye iinuts nazo zingumthombo olungileyo we-urolithin. Uphononongo lufumanise ukuba ukutya iinuts kuya kunyusa izinga le-urolithin A kunye ne-B egazini.
I-Urolithin A kunye ne-B ziikhompawundi zendalo ezikhoyo ekutyeni okuthile, zinezibonelelo ezininzi zempilo. Ezi khompawundi zineempawu zokulwa nokuvuvukala, ziphucula impilo ye-mitochondrial kunye nemisipha, kwaye zikhuthaza impilo yengqondo. Iipomegranati, amaqunube, amantongomane kunye nezongezo ze-ellagitannin zezinye zezona ndawo zibalaseleyo zokutya ezinokubonelela ngee-urolithins. Ukubandakanya ezi zinto zokutya ekutyeni kwakho kunokukunceda ufumane iingenelo ze-urolithins A kunye ne-B kwaye kukhuthaze ukwaluphala okunempilo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-05-2023
