Amandla e-taurine angaphaya kwengqondo yakho!

Kutshanje, uphando malunga ne-taurine lupapashwe kwiijenali ezintathu eziphambili zeSayensi, iSeli, kunye neNdalo. Ezi zifundo zityhile imisebenzi emitsha ye-taurine - ukulwa nokwaluphala, ukuphucula impembelelo yonyango lomhlaza, kunye nokulwa nokutyeba kakhulu.

NgoJuni 2023, abaphandi abavela kwiNational Institute of Immunology eIndiya, kwiYunivesithi yaseColumbia eMelika, nakwamanye amaziko bapapashe amaphepha kwijenali yezemfundo ephakamileyo yehlabathi iScience. Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba ukunqongophala kwe-taurine kungumgqugquzeli wokwaluphala. Ukongeza i-taurine kunokucothisa ukuguga kwee-nematodes, iimpuku, kunye neenkawu, kwaye kunokwandisa ubomi obusempilweni beempuku ezineminyaka ephakathi nge-12%. Iinkcukacha: Isayensi: Amandla angaphaya kwengcinga yakho! I-Taurine ingabuyisela ukuguga kwaye yandise ubomi?

Ngo-Epreli 2024, uNjingalwazi uZhao Xiaodi, uNjingalwazi oNcedisayo uLu Yuanyuan, uNjingalwazi uNie Yongzhan, kunye noNjingalwazi uWang Xin ovela kwiSibhedlele iXijing kwiYunivesithi yezonyango yaseMilitary yesine bapapashe amaphepha kwijenali yezemfundo yamazwe ngamazwe iCell. Olu phononongo lufumanise ukuba iiseli zethumba zikhuphisana neeseli zeCD8+ T zetaurine ngokugqithisileyo i-taurine transporter i-SLC6A6, ebangela ukufa kweeseli zeT kunye nokudinwa, okukhokelela ekuphumeni komzimba wethumba, ngaloo ndlela kukhuthaza ukuqhubela phambili kwethumba kunye nokuphinda libuye, ngelixa ukongeza iTaurine kunokuvuselela iiseli zeCD8+ T eziphelileyo kwaye kuphucule ukusebenza kakuhle konyango lomhlaza.

Ngomhla wesi-7 kweyeThupha ngo-2024, iqela likaJonathan Z. Long waseYunivesithi yaseStanford (uGqr. Wei Wei ngumbhali wokuqala) lapapasha iphepha lophando elinesihloko esithi: I-PTER yi-N-acetyl taurine hydrolase elawula ukutya kunye nokutyeba kakhulu kwiphephancwadi lezemfundo lamazwe ngamazwe iNature.

Olu phononongo lufumanise i-N-acetyl taurine hydrolase yokuqala kwizilwanyana ezincancisayo, i-PTER, kwaye luqinisekisile indima ebalulekileyo ye-N-acetyl taurine ekunciphiseni ukutya kunye nokulwa nokutyeba kakhulu. Kwixesha elizayo, kunokwenzeka ukuphuhlisa izithinteli ze-PTER ezinamandla nezikhethiweyo zonyango lokutyeba kakhulu.

I-Taurine ifumaneka kakhulu kwizicubu zezilwanyana ezincancisayo kunye nokutya okuninzi kwaye ifumaneka kwiindawo eziphezulu kakhulu kwizicubu ezivuselekayo ezifana nentliziyo, amehlo, ingqondo, kunye nemisipha. I-Taurine ichazwe njengenemisebenzi yeseli kunye neyomzimba, ngakumbi kwimeko ye-metabolic homeostasis. Ukuncipha kwezakhi zofuzo kumanqanaba e-taurine kukhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwemisipha, ukuncipha kwamandla okuzilolonga, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-mitochondrial kwizicubu ezininzi. Ukongezwa kwe-Taurine kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-redox ye-mitochondrial, kuphucula amandla okuzilolonga, kwaye kunciphise ubunzima bomzimba.

I-biochemistry kunye ne-enzyme ye-taurine metabolism zitsale umdla omkhulu wophando. Kwindlela ye-endogenous taurine biosynthetic, i-cysteine ​​​​iyaguqulwa yi-cysteine ​​​​dioxygenase (CDO) kunye ne-cysteine ​​​​sulfinate decarboxylase (CSAD) ukuvelisa i-hypotaurine, nto leyo kamva i-Oxidation yi-flavin monooxygenase 1 (FMO1) ivelisa i-taurine. Ukongeza, i-cysteine ​​​​inokuvelisa i-hypotaurine ngendlela eyahlukileyo ye-cysteamine kunye ne-cysteamine dioxygenase (ADO). Ezantsi kwe-taurine ngokwayo kukho ii-metabolites ezininzi ze-taurine zesibini, kubandakanya i-taurocholate, i-tauramidine, kunye ne-N-acetyl taurine. I-enzyme kuphela eyaziwayo ukuba ivuselela ezi ndlela zisezantsi yi-BAAT, edibanisa i-taurine ne-bile acyl-CoA ukuvelisa i-taurocholate kunye nezinye iityuwa ze-bile. Ukongeza kwi-BAAT, ubume be-molecular bezinye ii-enzymes ezilawula i-secondary taurine metabolism abukakamiselwa.

I-N-acetyltaurine (i-N-acetyl taurine) yi-metabolite yesibini ye-taurine enomdla kakhulu kodwa engafundwanga kakuhle. Amanqanaba e-N-acetyl taurine kulwelo lwebhayoloji alawulwa ngokuguquguqukayo ziingxaki ezininzi ze-physiological ezonyusa i-taurine kunye/okanye i-acetate flux, kubandakanya ukuzilolonga ngokunyamezela, ukusela utywala, kunye nokongezwa kwe-taurine enesondlo. Ukongeza, i-N-acetyltaurine ineekhemikhali ezifana ne-molecules zesignali kubandakanya i-neurotransmitter acetylcholine kunye ne-N-fatty acyltaurine ende elawula iswekile yegazi, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba inokusebenza njenge-metabolite yesignali. Nangona kunjalo, i-biosynthesis, i-degradation, kunye nemisebenzi enokubakho ye-N-acetyl taurine ayikacaci.

Kolu phononongo lwamva nje, iqela lophando lichonge i-PTER, i-enzyme engasebenzi kakuhle, njenge-N-acetyl taurine hydrolase enkulu yezilwanyana ezincancisayo. Kwi-vitro, i-PTER ephinda i-recombinant ibonakalise uluhlu oluncinci lwe-substrate kunye nemida emikhulu. Kwi-N-acetyl taurine, i-hydrolyzed ibe yi-taurine kunye ne-acetate.

Ukukhupha i-Pter gene kwiimpuku kubangela ukulahleka ngokupheleleyo komsebenzi we-N-acetyl taurine hydrolytic kwizicubu kunye nokwanda kwenkqubo ye-N-acetyl taurine kwizicubu ezahlukeneyo.

Indawo ye-PTER yomntu inxulunyaniswa ne-body mass index (BMI). Iqela lophando lifumanise ukuba emva kokuvuselelwa ngamanqanaba aphezulu e-taurine, iimpuku ze-Pter knockout zibonise ukuncipha kokutya kwaye zazimelana nokutyeba okubangelwa kukutya. kunye ne-glucose homeostasis ephuculweyo. Ukongezwa kwe-N-acetyl taurine kwiimpuku ze-wild-type ezityebileyo kukwanciphisa ukutya kunye nobunzima bomzimba ngendlela exhomekeke kwi-GFRAL.

Ezi datha zibeka i-PTER kwindawo ephambili ye-enzyme ye-taurine secondary metabolism kwaye zityhila iindima ze-PTER kunye ne-N-acetyl taurine ekulawuleni ubunzima kunye nokulinganisela amandla.

Ngokubanzi, olu phononongo lufumanise i-acetyl taurine hydrolase yokuqala kwizilwanyana ezanyisayo, i-PTER, kwaye luqinisekisile indima ebalulekileyo ye-acetyl taurine ekunciphiseni ukutya kunye nokulwa nokutyeba kakhulu. Kwixesha elizayo, kulindeleke ukuba kuphuhliswe izithinteli ze-PTER ezinamandla nezikhethiweyo zonyango lokutyeba kakhulu.